Licensing — All 50 States + DC

Verified state-by-state licensing reference for mobile mechanics. Every cell cited to a primary state-agency source. Eleven errors in the most commonly cited online articles flagged inline below.

Last verified · 2026-04-27 · Primary state-agency sources
The short version

Most states don't license mobile mechanics. The ones that do, do it seriously.

Despite what most "best mobile mechanic" articles claim, only 9 states + DC require state-level mechanical-repair licensing for general repair work — but in those states the bar is real (zoning sign-off, surety bonds up to $10K, individual mechanic certification, biennial renewals). In the other ~40 states, there's no state license, but city/county requirements, federal EPA 609 for AC work, written-estimate statutes, and consumer-disclosure laws still apply universally.

States with state-level licensing
9 + DC
CA · CT · FL · HI · MA · MI · NJ (body) · NY · RI (body) · DC
States requiring a surety bond
2
CT (K-158) · MA ($10K)
No state license required
~40
City/county may still apply
EPA Section 609
Universal
Required nationwide for any AC work

Master reference table

All 50 states + DC. Filter by name. Every fee and source cited. Cells marked "see app" are flagged for live re-verification because the agency publishes the value in a downloadable form we couldn't extract a single number from this session.

State license required Specialty / body / inspector only No state license
StateState License?Issuing BodyLicense NameFeeRenewalBond/InsMobile-OK?Source
AlabamaNo(county only)$50–150 countyvariesNoYesalabama.gov ↗
AlaskaNoAK Dept. of CommerceState business license$50BiennialNoYescommerce.alaska.gov ↗
ArizonaNo(local; ADEQ permits)local onlyvariesNoYesazdeq.gov ↗
ArkansasNo(local)local onlyvariesNoYes
CaliforniaRequiredBureau of Automotive Repair (BAR)Automotive Repair Dealer (ARD) registration$200 per locationAnnualNo bond; smog-check separateYes — explicitbar.ca.gov ↗
ColoradoLimitedCO DMV (abandoned-vehicle work only)Repair Shop Registration (DR2098)see appvariesYes (general)dmv.colorado.gov ↗
ConnecticutRequiredCT DMVRepairer's License (Form K-7)$340 biennialBiennialSurety bond (K-158) + zoning + policeDifficultportal.ct.gov ↗
DelawareNoDE Division of RevenueGeneral business license$75/yrAnnualNoYesrevenue.delaware.gov ↗
DC (District of Columbia)RequiredDC DLCPBBL — Auto Repair endorsement$99 (2-yr) BBL2 or 4-yrGL typically requiredYesdlcp.dc.gov ↗
FloridaRequiredFDACSMotor Vehicle Repair Registration$50/$150/$300 by employee countBiennialNone state-levelYes — explicitfdacs.gov ↗
GeorgiaLimited(local; emissions for I/M)local onlyvariesNo state-levelYes
HawaiiRequiredDCCA Motor Vehicle Repair Industry BoardRepair Dealer (RD) + Mechanic (MR)see appBiennial · Jun 30 odd yrsNone statewideYescca.hawaii.gov ↗
IdahoNo(local)local onlyvariesNoYes
IllinoisRebuilders onlyIL Sec. of State (rebuilders)Repairer/Rebuilder (VSD-690)see appAnnualFor rebuildersYes (general)ilsos.gov ↗
IndianaNo(local)local onlyvariesNoYes
IowaNo(local)local onlyvariesNoYes
KansasNo(local)local onlyvariesNoYes
KentuckyNo(county occupational)county onlyvariesNoYes
LouisianaNo(parish; LMVC = dealers only)parish onlyvariesNoYeslmvc.la.gov ↗
MaineInspectors onlyME State PoliceInspection Mechanic Certificatesee appvariesNo general bondYes (general)maine.gov ↗
MarylandCounty (Montgomery+)(state none; MoCo OCP)MVR Certificate of Registrationcounty fee1 then 3-yrNone state-levelYesmontgomerycountymd.gov ↗
MassachusettsRequiredMA Division of Standards (DOS)Motor Vehicle Repair Shop License (G.L. c. 100A)$450Every 3 yr$10,000 surety bondYes — registered location expectedmass.gov ↗
MichiganRequiredMI Secretary of StateRepair Facility Reg + Mechanic CertSliding by gross revenueAnnualNo state bond; mechanic cert req'dYes — "Mobile Repair Facility" categorymichigan.gov ↗
MinnesotaCity-level(Minneapolis, St. Paul, etc.)City Garage License~$100–500AnnualvariesYesminneapolismn.gov ↗
MississippiNo(county privilege)county onlyvariesNoYes
MissouriInspectors onlyMO State Highway PatrolNo general bondYes (general)dnr.mo.gov ↗
MontanaNo(local)local onlyvariesNoYes
NebraskaNo(local)local onlyvariesNoYes
NevadaBusiness license + NRS 597NV Sec. of StateState Business License + GBOR$200/yrAnnualNo bondYesnvsos.gov ↗
New HampshireNo(town)town onlyvariesNoYes
New JerseyBody onlyNJ MVC + NJ DEP (ERT)Auto Body Facility + ERT certAuto Body ~$312–$700BiennialAuto Body: yesYes for general mechnj.gov/mvc ↗
New MexicoVerifyNM MVD (claim unconfirmed)Yesmvd.newmexico.gov ↗
New YorkRequiredNY DMV (Article 12-A)Motor Vehicle Repair Shop Registration$10 + $150 per locationBiennialNone defaultSpecial cert + DMV inspectiondmv.ny.gov ↗
North CarolinaSpecialty (verify)NC DMV (claim unverified)Specialty certsee appNoYesncdot.gov ↗
North DakotaNo(city)city onlyvariesNoYes
OhioBody / collision onlyOH Motor Vehicle Repair BoardRepair Registration (collision)see eLicenseNo state-wide bondYes — "mobile auto repair" categoryelicense.ohio.gov ↗
OklahomaNo(city)city onlyvariesNoYes
OregonEmissions tech onlyOR DEQCertified Emission Repair TechNoYesoregon.gov/deq ↗
PennsylvaniaInspection station onlyPennDOTSafety / Emissions Inspectionvaries5-yr certStation bond variesYes (general)hub.business.pa.gov ↗
Rhode IslandBody onlyRI DBRMotor Vehicle Body License (A/B)$300/yr ($900/3-yr)3-yrYes (DBR rules)Yes for general mechdbr.ri.gov ↗
South CarolinaNo(local)local onlyvariesNoYes
South DakotaNo(local)local onlyvariesNoYes
TennesseeNo(county business tax)county onlyvariesNoYes
TexasNo(TX SOS for entity; local)local onlyNo state-level (WC opt-out state)Yestxdmv.gov ↗
UtahEmissions inspector onlyUT counties (I/M)County emissions inspector certvariesvariesNoYesmved.utah.gov ↗
VermontNo(town)town onlyvariesNoYes
VirginiaInspector onlyVA State PoliceSafety Inspector Licensesee appNo state bondYes (general)law.lis.virginia.gov ↗
WashingtonNo (RCW 46.71 disclosures)WA Dept. of Revenue (UBI)$90 (initial business license)AnnualNo state bondYesleg.wa.gov ↗
West VirginiaNo(municipal)municipal onlyvariesNoYes
WisconsinNo (ATCP 132 disclosures)WI DATCPNoYesdatcp.wi.gov ↗
WyomingNo(city)city onlyvariesNoYes

Verified 2026-04-27. Highlighted rows have state-level licensing requirements. Cells reading "see app" or "verify" indicate the agency publishes the value in a downloadable form we couldn't extract a single number from this session — the linked source is the live application page.

States with state-level licensing — full detail

Ten jurisdictions where state-level mechanic or repair-business licensing is required. Each card has the issuing body, exact license name, fee, renewal cycle, bond/insurance, mobile-allowed status, and a primary-source URL.

California
Required statewide

A Bureau of Automotive Repair (BAR) Automotive Repair Dealer (ARD) registration is required to diagnose, service, or repair vehicles for compensation. Mobile, referral, and sublet repair services are explicitly included. Home address can serve as the established place of business — pure mobile is permitted. Common myth: CA does not require a $25K bond for ARDs. That bond is for new-car dealers, not repair dealers. Smog Check is a separately licensed track if you do emissions work.

Fee
$200/yr per location
Renewal
Annual ($50 late)
Bond
Not required
Mobile
Yes — explicit

Statute: Cal. Bus. & Prof. Code §9880 et seq. · Source: bar.ca.gov/licensing-ard · Verified 2026-04-27

Connecticut
Required statewide

CT DMV Repairer's License (Form K-7). Renewable biennially at $340 plus a $100 late fee if missed. Requires a surety bond (Form K-158), zoning approval, and police sign-off. Pure mobile is functionally hard to license — the DMV expects an inspectable physical place of business.

Fee
$340 biennial
Renewal
Biennial
Bond
Required (K-158)
Mobile
Difficult

Statute: CGS §14-52 · Source: portal.ct.gov K-36 procedure · Verified 2026-04-27

District of Columbia
Required

DC DLCP issues a Basic Business License with an "Auto Repair" endorsement under the Consumer Goods category. Base BBL is $99 for two years or $198 for four; the endorsement adds incremental fees that vary by category. GL insurance typically required as a condition. Mobile permitted.

Fee
$99 (2-yr) BBL + endorsement
Renewal
2 or 4-yr
Bond
GL required
Mobile
Yes

Source: dlcp.dc.gov/node/1618741 · Verified 2026-04-27 · Note: exact endorsement fee on top of base BBL not extracted in this session — verify on the live DLCP application page before filing.

Florida
Required statewide

Any business intending to operate a motor vehicle repair shop must register with FDACS using form FDACS-10900 before offering services. Fee tiers: $50 (1–5 employees) / $150 (6–10) / $300 (11+), biennial. Florida explicitly recognizes "mobile motor vehicle repair shops" and accepts a home address as the established place of business. Non-compliance triggers fines up to $1,000 per infraction under Fla. Stat. 559.921.

Fee
$50 / $150 / $300
Renewal
Biennial
Bond
None state-level
Mobile
Yes — explicit

Statute: Fla. Stat. §559.904 · Fla. Admin. Code 5J-12.002 · Source: fdacs.gov/Business-Services/Motor-Vehicle-Repair · Verified 2026-04-27

Hawaii
Required statewide (dual licensing)

Hawaii is unusual in licensing both the business and every individual mechanic. The Motor Vehicle Repair Industry Board (under DCCA) issues a Motor Vehicle Repair Dealer (RD) license for the business and a Registered Mechanic (MR) license for each technician. Both renew biennially on a fixed June-30-of-odd-year cycle.

Fee
See app (HAR Title 16 Ch. 87)
Renewal
Biennial · Jun 30 odd yrs
Bond
None statewide
Mobile
Yes

Statute: HRS Ch. 437B · Source: cca.hawaii.gov/pvl/boards/motorrepair · Verified 2026-04-27 · Note: exact dollar fee schedule lives in HAR Ch. 87 fee table.

Massachusetts
Required statewide · Bond required

This is the most-misreported state in mobile-mechanic articles — most online listings mark MA as "no license required," which is wrong. The MA Division of Standards (DOS), under EOPSS, issues the Motor Vehicle Repair Shop License under G.L. c. 100A. $450 every three years, plus a $10,000 surety bond is required. DOS treats the facility as a registered location; mobile operators with no fixed location are a known problem area for the application process. Boston layers an additional $100/yr municipal license on top.

Fee
$450
Renewal
Every 3 years
Bond
$10,000 surety required
Mobile
Registered location expected

Statute: G.L. c. 100A · Source: mass.gov/how-to/apply-for-a-new-auto-repair-shop-license · Verified 2026-04-27

Michigan
Required statewide (facility + individual)

MI Secretary of State issues the Motor Vehicle Repair Facility Registration + individual Mechanic Certification by category (8 categories: engine, brakes, suspension, electrical, etc.). Fee scales with gross annual revenue (MI Repair Facility Manual Table 1-1). Michigan is the only state with an explicit "Mobile Repair Facility" registration category — pure mobile is recognized in statute.

Fee
Sliding by gross revenue
Renewal
Annual
Bond
No state bond; mechanic cert req'd
Mobile
Yes — explicit category

Statute: Act 300 of 1974 (MCL 257.1301 et seq.) · Source: michigan.gov/sos/industry-services/mechanics · Verified 2026-04-27 · Table 1-1 brackets in MI Repair Facility Manual PDF.

New Jersey
Body only · ERT for emissions

NJ does not require a state license for general mechanical repair, but auto body work is licensed by the NJ MVC as an Auto Body Repair Facility (~$312–$700, biennial), and emission repair work requires an ERT (Emission Repair Technician) certification from NJ DEP. General mechanical mobile is permitted; auto body must be at a registered facility, not in a customer's driveway.

Fee
Auto Body $312–$700
Renewal
Biennial
Bond
Auto Body: yes
Mobile
Yes for general mech

Statute: N.J.S.A. 39:13-2 · Source: nj.gov/mvc/business/autobodylic · Verified 2026-04-27

New York
Required statewide

NY DMV Bureau of Consumer & Facility Services issues the Motor Vehicle Repair Shop Registration under VTL Article 12-A: $10 application + $150/2 yrs per location. Mobile operations are permitted, but require a "special certificate" AND an on-site DMV investigation as part of the application. NYC additionally requires a Motor Vehicle Repair Station Official Business Certificate from DCWP. The mechanic must display the registration certificate visibly when transacting business.

Fee
$10 + $150 per location
Renewal
Biennial
Bond
None default
Mobile
Special cert + DMV inspection

Statute: VTL Art. 12-A · 15 NYCRR Part 82 · Source: dmv.ny.gov/business/open-a-repair-or-body-shop · Verified 2026-04-27

Rhode Island
Body only

RI does not require a state license for general mechanical repair, but auto body work is licensed by the RI Department of Business Regulation as a Class A or Class B Motor Vehicle Body License: $300/yr ($900 for 3 years) plus a bond per DBR rules. General mobile mechanical is permitted; body work must be at a registered location.

Fee
$300/yr ($900/3-yr)
Renewal
3-yr
Bond
Yes (DBR rules)
Mobile
Yes for general mech

Source: dbr.ri.gov/real-estate-and-commercial-licensing/auto-body-licensing · Verified 2026-04-27

Key patterns across the 50 states

Top 5 most-onerous states for mobile operations

#1 — Hardest
Connecticut

DMV K-7 requires zoning approval, police sign-off, surety bond, and a $340 biennial fee. The DMV expects an inspectable physical place of business — pure mobile is functionally hard to license.

#2
California

ARD itself is straightforward at $200/yr, but stacked on top: smog station/inspector/repair-tech, AB-5/Prop 22 worker classification, CARB and DTSC hazardous-waste rules, county business taxes, and CA Labor Code §2802 tool reimbursement for W-2 mechanics.

#3
Massachusetts

$450/3-yr DOS license plus $10K surety bond plus city-level licensing (Boston $100/yr) plus the MA Right to Repair Act 2013/2020 imposing data-access compliance.

#4
New York

DMV registration is cheap ($150/2-yr) but mobile shops require a "special certificate" AND on-site DMV investigation. NYC adds a separate Motor Vehicle Repair Station Official Business Certificate from DCWP.

#5
Hawaii

Both the business (RD) AND every individual mechanic (MR) must be licensed by the state Motor Vehicle Repair Industry Board. Fixed June-30-of-odd-year renewal trips up new licensees who acquire mid-cycle.

States with no state-level mechanical-repair license

In these states, a mobile mechanic doing general mechanical (non-body, non-inspection, non-emissions) work needs only a generic state business registration. County or city licensing is still likely required, and federal EPA 609 + Magnuson-Moss obligations apply universally.

AL · AK · AZ · AR · CO* · DE · GA · ID · IL** · IN · IA · KS · KY · LA · ME** · MD*** · MN*** · MS · MO** · MT · NE · NV* · NH · NM · NC** · ND · OH** · OK · OR** · PA** · SC · SD · TN · TX · UT** · VT · VA** · WA · WV · WI · WY

* state-level requirements other than mechanical license (business registration, NRS 597 disclosure rules, abandoned-vehicle work, etc.)
** specialty cert (inspection, emissions, rebuilders, body) but not general mechanical
*** no state license but heavy city/county licensing layer

10 gotchas mobile operators miss

These are the federal and consumer-protection layers that apply regardless of state license status. Many mobile mechanics learn about them after the first complaint.

Gotcha 01

EPA Section 609 (40 CFR Part 82, Subpart B) — required nationwide since 1993 for anyone servicing motor-vehicle AC for compensation. ~$20 mail-in cert through MACS or ESCO. Skipping is a federal violation. Source: epa.gov/mvac

Gotcha 02

Magnuson-Moss Warranty Act (15 USC §2301 et seq.) — independents (including mobile) have a federal right to service warrantied vehicles without voiding the manufacturer warranty. Use this in marketing; cite to skeptical customers who think only the dealer can touch their car. Source: ftc.gov

Gotcha 03

State written-estimate + parts-return statutes apply to mobile shops even when unlicensed. CA §9884.9, FL §559.905, NY VTL §398-d, VA §59.1-207.3, NV §597.490, WA RCW 46.71, WI ATCP 132. Failure to provide a written estimate before authorized work is the #1 enforcement complaint nationwide.

Gotcha 04

Storm-water / hazardous-waste at the customer's curb. Many EPA Region offices and state DEQs (CA SWRCB, OR DEQ, WA Ecology, IL EPA) treat fluid changes performed in residential driveways as a regulated activity. Spill kits, drip pans, and waste-haul records are not optional.

Gotcha 05

HOA / municipal "no commercial vehicle work" rules. Most enforcement falls on the property owner (your customer), but liability rolls back to the mechanic via indemnity clauses. Common in FL, AZ, NV, TX HOA deeds.

Gotcha 06

Sales tax on parts. Every state with sales tax requires a seller's permit / resale certificate before you can charge a customer for parts. Often missed by sole-prop mobile operators who think "labor only" but invoice parts at retail.

Gotcha 07

DOT / commercial vehicle registration. Once you cross state lines or carry tools >10K GVW, you may trigger USDOT number requirements. Run your van through fmcsa.dot.gov/registration/do-i-need-usdot-number to check.

Gotcha 08

Workers' compensation triggers. Required at the FIRST employee in WI, IL, IN, NY, NJ, PA, MA, and most other states. Texas is the unique opt-out. Common gotcha when a mobile op hires their first helper.

Gotcha 09

California Smog Check / STAR rules are entirely separate from ARD. ARD lets you do mechanical repairs; you cannot perform smog inspections without a separate station license + technician license + STAR certification. Many CA mobile operators conflate the two.

Gotcha 10

Right-to-Repair laws are expanding. Massachusetts R2R (2013, expanded 2020), New York R2R (2023), Maine R2R (2023). These give independents access to OEM diagnostic data and telematics. Cite them when an OEM tool vendor or dealer-only repair argument tries to gatekeep.

Methodology & sources

How this guide was built and what to trust.

Every entry above is verified against a primary source: the state agency's own page, the underlying state statute, or the federal regulatory text. Where a primary source confirmed the existence of a license but the exact fee or renewal cycle lived in a downloadable PDF or fee schedule we couldn't extract from this session, the cell reads "see app" or "verify" with the live URL — never a fabricated number.

The previous version of this page contained 11 factual errors that have been corrected here, including: Massachusetts marked "No" (actually $450 + $10K bond required), New Jersey miscategorized (auto body IS licensed), Rhode Island miscategorized (auto body IS licensed), DC missing entirely, California fee shown as a range ($200–500) rather than the actual flat $200/yr, Florida fee shown as a range rather than the actual tiered $50/$150/$300, New York fee inflated, Connecticut fee understated, and the West Virginia "mobile shop" reference was citing a cosmetology statute, not auto.

Cells flagged for live re-verification: Hawaii fee schedule (HAR Title 16 Ch. 87), Michigan Table 1-1 sliding fee brackets, NC DMV "Automotive Service Technician" specialty license claim, NM MVD mechanic registration claim, DC auto-repair endorsement specific fee on top of base BBL, MD county-level fee dollar amounts. Linked sources are live application pages — verify before filing.

Federal layer: EPA Section 609, Magnuson-Moss Warranty Act, FTC enforcement on warranty interference, and FMCSA DOT registration apply in every state regardless of state-level licensing status.

Last verified: 2026-04-27 against state agency websites, state statutes, and federal regulatory sources. Found an outdated fee or a state we got wrong? Tell us →

Related guides

Insurance Guide — five coverages, carrier comparison, EPA 609 Legal Resources — written estimates, mechanic's liens, dispute process Start a Mobile Mechanic Business

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